F. A.  Pasternak, ?Alcyonacea and Gorgonacea?, in Benthos of the submarine mountains Marcus-Necker and adjacent Pacific regions, A. P.  Kuznetsov and Mironov, A. N., Eds. Moscow: Akademiya Nauk., 1981, pp. 40-55.

F. M.  Bayer, ?Key to the genera of Octocorallia exclusive of Pennatulacea (Coelenterata: Anthozoa), with diagnosis of new taxa?, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., vol. 94, pp. 902-947, 1981.