@inbook {Watling201141,
	title = {Biology of Deep-Water Octocorals},
	booktitle = {Advances in Marine Biology},
	series = {Advances in Marine Biology},
	volume = {60},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {41 - 122},
	publisher = {Academic Press},
	organization = {Academic Press},
	abstract = {Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the taxonomy, phylogeny, biogeography, ecology, and reproductive biology of deep-sea octocorals and also focuses on gorgonian octocorals because they are the predominant octocoral group in the deep sea. The most widely accepted taxonomic scheme for octocorals divides the subclass into four orders: (1) helioporacea, (2) alcyonacea, (3) gorgonacea, and (4) pennatulacea. The distinctions between most orders and suborders are blurred by intermediate taxa that resulted in a continuum of colonial organization and skeletal structure. The major areas of study of deep-sea gorgonians and sources of species descriptions are also summarized. Octocorals have been known from deep water in the North Atlantic, although the Challenger expedition showed that octocorals could be found in the depths of all oceans. Knowledge of deep-water octocorals of the Indo-West Pacific region is meagre and contrasts with the wealth of information on shallow-water taxa. The distribution of the three major deep-sea families{\textquoteright} discussed are{\textendash}{\textendash}chrysogorgiidae, isididae, and primnoidae. Deep-sea octocoral colonies are often large so it offers a wide range of biogenic habitats to other invertebrate species. The chapter also focuses on those invertebrate species that are found most frequently on the octocoral host. Reproduction, growth, age, food habits, and conservation issues are also considered.},
	issn = {0065-2881},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-385529-9.00002-0},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123855299000020},
	author = {Watling, Les and France, Scott C and Pante, Eric and Anne Simpson},
	editor = {Michael Lesser}
}
@article {144,
	title = {A New Genus and Species of Bamboo Coral (Octocorallia: Isididae: Keratoisidinae) from the New England Seamounts},
	journal = {Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History},
	volume = {52},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {209-220},
	chapter = {209},
	abstract = {Sampling along the New England Seamount Chain has produced a large number of new octocoral species, especially of the bamboo corals in the subfamily Keratoisidinae. The new genus described here is unusual in that it branches from the internodes yet has sclerites at the base of the polyp body that are arranged obliquely, and in having tentacles that can be pulled completely into the top of the polyp over the retracted oral disk. The genus and species are characterized using both morphological and molecular data.},
	doi = {10.3374/014.052.0202},
	author = {Watling, Les and France, Scott C}
}
@article {Thoma2009,
	title = {Deep-sea octocorals and antipatharians show no evidence of seamount-scale endemism in the NW Atlantic},
	journal = {Marine Ecology - Progress Series},
	volume = {397},
	year = {2009},
	pages = {25-35},
	doi = {10.3354/meps08318},
	url = {http://www.int-res.com/articles/theme/m397p025.pdf},
	author = {Thoma, J.N. and Pante, E. and Brugler, M. R. and France, S. C.}
}
@article {vanderHam2009,
	title = {Exploring the utility of an indel-rich, mitochondrial intergenic region as a molecular barcode for bamboo corals (Octocorallia: Isididae)},
	journal = {Marine Genomics},
	year = {2009},
	author = {van der Ham, J. and Brugler, M. R. and France, S. C.}
}
@article {8,
	title = {The Mitochondrial Genome of a Deep-Sea Bamboo Coral (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Octocorallia, Isididae): Genome Structure and Putative Origins of Replication Are Not Conserved Among Octocorals},
	journal = {J Mol Evol},
	volume = {67},
	year = {2008},
	note = {0022-2844 (Print)Journal article},
	pages = {125-136},
	abstract = {Octocoral mitochondrial (mt) DNA is subject to an exceptionally low rate of substitution, and it has been suggested that mt genome content and structure are conserved across the subclass, an observation that has been supported for most octocorallian families by phylogenetic analyses using PCR products spanning gene boundaries. However, failure to recover amplification products spanning the nad4L-msh1 gene junction in species from the family Isididae (bamboo corals) prompted us to sequence the complete mt genome of a deep-sea bamboo coral (undescribed species). Compared to the "typical" octocoral mt genome, which has 12 genes transcribed on one strand and 5 genes on the opposite (cox2, atp8, atp6, cox3, trnM), in the bamboo coral genome a contiguous string of 5 genes (msh1, rnl, nad2, nad5, nad4) has undergone an inversion, likely in a single event. Analyses of strand-specific compositional asymmetry suggest that (i) the light-strand origin of replication was also inverted and is adjacent to nad4, and (ii) the orientation of the heavy-strand origin of replication (OriH) has reversed relative to that of previously known octocoral mt genomes. Comparative analyses suggest that intramitochondrial recombination and errors in replication at OriH may be responsible for changes in gene order in octocorals and hexacorals, respectively. Using primers flanking the regions at either end of the inverted set of five genes, we examined closely related taxa and determined that the novel gene order is restricted to the deep-sea subfamily Keratoisidinae; however, we found no evidence for strand-specific mutational biases that may influence phylogenetic analyses that include this subfamily of bamboo corals.},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve\&db=PubMed\&dopt=Citation\&list_uids=18506498},
	author = {Brugler, M. R. and France, S. C.}
}
@article {19,
	title = {A new species of Isidella bamboo coral (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Isididae) from northeast Pacific seamounts},
	journal = {Proceeding of the Biological Society of Washington},
	volume = {121},
	number = {4},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {541-553},
	keywords = {Isidella tentaculum},
	author = {Etnoyer, P.}
}
@article {9,
	title = {Genetic analysis of bamboo corals (Cnidaria: Octocorallia: Isididae): does lack of colony branching distinguish Lepidisis from Keratoisis?},
	journal = {Bulletin of Marine Science},
	volume = {81},
	number = {3},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {323-333},
	author = {France, S. C.}
}
@article {14,
	title = {Revisionary systematics in the gorgonian family Isididae, with descriptions of numerous new taxa (Coelenterata: Octocorallia)},
	journal = {Records of the Western Australian Museum},
	volume = {S55},
	number = {supplement no. 55},
	year = {1998},
	pages = {335-339},
	author = {Alderslade, P.}
}
@article {13,
	title = {Observations on bioluminescence in some deep-water anthozoans},
	journal = {Hydrobiologia},
	volume = {216/217},
	year = {1991},
	pages = {573-579},
	keywords = {Acanella arbuscula, isididae},
	author = {Herring, P.}
}
@article {4,
	title = {A new isidid octocoral (Anthozoa: Gorgonacea) from New Caledonia, with descriptions of other new species from elsewhere in the Pacific Ocean},
	journal = {Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington},
	volume = {103},
	number = {1},
	year = {1990},
	note = {0006-324XAccession Number: BACD199089127574; Publication Type: Article; Languages: ENGLISH; Super Taxa: Cnidaria: Invertebrata, Animalia; Taxa Notes: Cnidaria: Animals, Invertebrates; Biosystematic Code: Cnidaria [41000*]; Miscellaneous Descriptors: ISIDELLA-TRICHOTOMA NEW-SPECIES ACANELLA-DISPAR NEW-SPECIES ACANELLA-SIBOGAE NEW-RECORD LEPIDISIS ORSTOMISIS-CROSNIERI NEW-GENUS NEW-SPECIES TAXONOMY KEY ZOOGEOGRAPHY; Concept Code: 00504 [General biology - Taxonomy, nomenclature and terminology]07512 [Ecology: environmental biology - Oceanography]11102 [Anatomy and Histology - Gross anatomy]62800 [Animal distribution -]63508 [Invertebrata: general and systematic - Cnidaria]64008 [Invertebrata: comparative, experimental morphology, physiology and pathology - Cnidaria]},
	pages = {205-228},
	abstract = {The status of the genera Isidella, Acanella, and Lepidisis in the subfamily Keratoisidinae is discussed and the new species Isidella trichotoma and Acanella dispar are described and illustrated. New records of Acanella sibogae Nutting are presented and description of the species amplified and supported by new illustrations of colony, polyps and sclerites. ORSTOMISIS crosnieri, a new genus and species of Keratoisidiniae, is described and illustrated. A new key to genera of Isidinae and Keratoisidinae is presented.},
	keywords = {Acanella, Biogeography (Population Studies), Isidella trichotoma, Keratoisidinae, Keratoisis, Lepidisis, Morphology, Orstomisis, Physiology, Systematics and Taxonomy, Tenuisis},
	url = {http://library.louisiana.edu/cgi-bin/proxy?http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true\&db=bxh\&AN=BACD199089127574\&site=ehost-live},
	author = {Bayer, F. M.}
}
@article {5,
	title = {New and previously known taxa of isidid octocorals (Coelenterata: Gorgonacea) partly from Antarctic waters},
	journal = {Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington},
	volume = {100},
	number = {4},
	year = {1987},
	pages = {937-991},
	keywords = {Ceratoisis, Chathaisis, Chelidonisis, Echinisis, Isididiae, Primnoisis, Sclerisis, Stenisis, Tenuisis},
	author = {Bayer, Frederick M. and Stefani, J.}
}
@article {6,
	title = {Isididae (Gorgonacea) de Nouvelle-Cal{\'e}donie: Nouvelle cl{\'e} des genres de la famille},
	journal = {Bull. Mus. natn. Hist. nat., Paris, 4e s{\'e}r.},
	volume = {9},
	year = {1987},
	pages = {47-106},
	keywords = {Acanthoisis, Isis, Mopsea, Primnoisis, Sclerisis},
	author = {Bayer, F. M. and Stefani, J.}
}
@article {3,
	title = {A new isidid octocoral (Coelenterata:Gorgonacea) from the Galapagos Rift},
	journal = {Boletim de Zoologia, Univ. SGo Paulo, Brazil},
	volume = {10},
	year = {1986},
	pages = {197-208},
	keywords = {evelineae, Lepidisis},
	author = {Bayer, F. M.}
}
@article {15,
	title = {The marine fauna of New Zealand: Isididae (Octocorallia: Gorgonacea) from New Zealand and the Antarctic},
	journal = {New Zealand Oceanographic Memoir},
	volume = {66},
	year = {1976},
	pages = {1-54},
	author = {Grant, R.}
}
@article {Madsen1944,
	title = {Octocorallia},
	journal = {Danish Ingolf-Exped.},
	volume = {5},
	number = {13},
	year = {1944},
	pages = {1-65},
	keywords = {Chrysogorgiidae},
	author = {Madsen, Fritz Jensenius}
}
@article {244Deichmanm1936,
	title = {The Alcyonaria of the western part of the Atlantic Ocean},
	journal = {Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard},
	volume = {53},
	year = {1936},
	pages = {1-317},
	keywords = {Chrysogorgiidae},
	author = {Deichmann, Elisabeth}
}
@article {280,
	title = {System und Stammesgeschichte der Isididae},
	journal = {Zool. Anzeiger},
	volume = {46},
	year = {1915},
	pages = {116-126},
	author = {Kukenthal, W}
}
@article {Nutting1908,
	title = {Descriptions of the Alcyonaria collected by the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries steamer Albatross in the vicinity of the Hawaiian Islands in 1902},
	journal = {Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus.},
	volume = {34},
	year = {1908},
	pages = {543-601},
	keywords = {Chrysogorgiidae},
	author = {Nutting, C.C.}
}
@article {Wright1885,
	title = {The Alcyonaria},
	journal = {Rept. Sci. Res. Challenger},
	volume = {Narrative 1},
	number = {2},
	year = {1885},
	pages = {689-693},
	keywords = {Chrysogorgiidae},
	author = {Wright, E.P.}
}
